積・乗法  




(r1, θ1) × (r2, θ2) = (r1 × r2, θ1 + θ2)

(a1 + b1i) × (a2 + b2i) = (a1 × a2 − b1 × b2) + (a1 × b2 + b1 × a2) i

(m,n) m×n
(「2数にそれらの積を対応させる」)


x = (r1 × r2) cos(θ1 + θ2)
= (r1 × r2) (cosθ1 × cosθ2 − sinθ1 × sinθ2)
= (r1cosθ1 × r2cosθ2) − (r1sinθ1 × r2sinθ2)
= (a1 × a2) − (b1 × b2)
y = (r1 × r2) sin(θ1 + θ2)
= (r1 × r2) (sinθ1 × cosθ2 + cosθ1 × sinθ2)
= (r1sinθ1 × r2cosθ2) + (r1cosθ1 × r2sinθ2)
= (b1 × a2) + (a1 × b2)